Christopher Wolfgang Alexander, born on 4th October 1936 is a prominent British-American architect and design theorist. An architect, educator, and author of various books on the BUILDING AND DESIGN PROCESS, Christopher Alexander works with the theories about the nature of human-centered designs. Regarded as the father of “The Pattern Language Movement,” He has designed more than 200 buildings across five continents. His projects always correlate to human beings and induce feelings of belongings in the place and structure Christopher Alexander outlines, hence exceptional in quality.
His book “The Pattern Language” is universally implemented and renowned for providing simple and humanist solutions to intricate design predicaments. His other notable works as an author include The Timeless Way of Building, The New Theory of Urban Design, The Oregon Experiment, and The Nature of Order (volumes I-IV).
Here is a list of 12 projects to closely examine the architect’s perceptions and philosophy applied in his architectural practices.
1. Eishin University Campus, Tokyo | Christopher Alexander
Located in Nihongi, Iruma, Japan, Eishin University Campus (Eishin Higashino) consists of nine city blocks of area for 2000 students. The college complex was completed in 1989 and became the best building in Japan. The architect-designed the campus with an eclectic mix of many architectural traditions that emerged comfortable to inhabit. The campus has the air of an independent settlement, and the design is ultimately a language of the soul.
2. Julian Street Inn, Shelter for Homeless, San Jose, California
The Julian Street Innas described by the people inhabiting it is a “building that plays an active role in the healing process.” One characterizes the built form by hand-painted tiles exterior and tile fountains with lions head on it. The building sets a tranquil environment for the people it shelters by orienting courtyards and gardens, which signify that the building is a testament to the natural world. As known for designing and establishing a connection between an individual and its surroundings, Christopher Alexander has structured the building as a medieval retreat, which simultaneously helps the homeless feel at home.
3. West Dean College Gardens Visitor’s Centre, West Sussex
Built between the year 1994-July and 1995-November, West Dean College Gardens Visitors Centre stands amongst a large estate that also includes an agricultural school and a college of arts.
In collaboration with the C.E.S (Centre for Environmental Sustainability), The Prince of Wales Institute of Architecture, and the Edward James Foundation (clients), Christopher Alexander constructed a work of art with a life expectancy significantly longer than the modern buildings. Abundantly engineered of brick and flint (a local natural stone), the building also applied the use of concrete in innovative methods, as a structural element, and for façade aesthetics. Conceived with a sensitivity to the local context, West Dean Estate represents a deep ambiguity, good central focus (in building layout), altering repetition in the façade, and bilateral symmetry.
4. The Sala House, Hillside Avenue, California
With its unusual layout and lots of unexpected turns, The Sala House in Hillside Avenue is an eccentric work of art. Designed by Christopher Alexander, the house consists of four bedrooms, two baths with a kitchen/dining/living area as the warm heart and hearth of the building. Built on a 2,028 sq. ft. area, the house instills qualities for the client that go beyond stylistic norms to comfort, simplicity, and a deep sense of wellbeing.
5. Low-Cost Housing in Mexicali, Mexico | Christopher Alexander
Structured in 1976 in Northern Mexico, Low-Cost Housing in Mexicali started under the sponsorship of the Governor of Baja California to build a small community of houses and other community buildings. The design of every dwelling in the neighborhood differed. The families and the students of the community came together to construct the residences by themselves. The architect provided the people with an opportunity to fabricate with new construction techniques which were easy to understand, and cheaper in terms of price. Every house spoke about the persona of the family inhabiting it.
6. The Martinez House
The Martinez house is a one-story, gunite all-concrete house with a wooden roof, blue, and pale green exterior. Initially built for patternlanguage.com, the house is used as an office for many years. Approximately 1300 sq. ft. in area, the abode is a farmhouse with a kitchen, fireplace, a sitting space, a master bedroom with bathroom, and a columnated front porch. The residence stands on a sloping site, and the architectural features of the house respect the topography of the area.
7. Medlock House, Whidbey, U.S.A
Christopher Alexander’s research has hundreds of patterns that together make a built space a beautiful and comfortable space to inhabit. The Medlock House is just another example of a humble abode for a family wherein the layout and the materials are chosen carefully, and the structure overall is not only comfortable for the user but also respects the site location. Located in a forest clearing, the architect adopted vernacular techniques and materials to create a comfortable and warm environment for the family.
8. Fresno Farmers Market, Fresno, California
Fresno Farmers Market is a 6000 sq. ft. building designed in 1983 for Richard Erganian in Fresno, California. The structure depicts the architect’s philosophy because the built form is innovative and yet shows the adaption of architectural elements from the past and pre-modern eras. The building takes the form of a large vault with redwood-arched trusses and concrete columns. The floor consists of grey concrete embodied with blue concrete ornaments simultaneously let into the slab resulting in the formation of an endless pattern.
9. Village School, Bavra, Gujarat
Christopher Alexander collaborated with Janet Johnson to design the Village School in Gujarat, India. Alexander followed the philosophy of building timelessly. According to him, the temples, villages, and tents are examples of traditional spaces where a man feels at home. This is because such arenas are built by the people who are close or centered to that place. Following these aspects, the Village School contains brick vaults and arches, with filled tile domed vaults( the vernacular material of the region). The school is not only simple and comfortable in a physical sense, but it also consists of multiple effects on the user, such as the optimal interplay of light, etc.
10. Etna Street Cottage | Christopher Alexander
Led by Christopher Alexander with Walter Wendler, Donald Corner, and a few others, the project commenced in the year 1974. An experimental building project, the building consists of two stories built of featherweight concrete. An amalgamation of vaults, columns, and beams, the cottage design displays robust boundaries and bilateral symmetries.
11. Community Mental Health Center, Modesto, California
Christopher Alexander designed the community mental health clinic, which according to him was a mixed success. The complex is a significant design since it not only helped him understand and adjust his theories for later projects but also helped him understand the concept of “wholeness” on a different level. The center was built using conventional building methods and ended up different from standard modernist architecture.
12. The Shiratori Plan, Japan | Christopher Alexander
A preliminary design for low-rise, high-density housing, The Shiratori Plan is located in the city of Nagoya, Japan. The integrated neighborhood plan began in the year 1990 for 500 families at a density of 80 families per acre.
References:
http://demetriusgonzalez.com/architecture/thesis/thesis.westdean.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sala_House
http://www.livingneighborhoods.org/ht-0/mexicali.htm
https://www.patternlanguage.com/houseplans/martinez/martinezplans.htm
https://www.annmedlock.com/
https://www.buildingbeauty.org/resource-center-entries/2016/11/02/bavra-story
