The Brigade Gateway, an interspersed and a self-sufficient urban neighborhood spreads across the area of 1,60,000 square metres in the heart of Bangalore. This mixed-use development project consists of dedicated areas for various residential, retail, recreational, educational and commercial purposes including separate blue and green zones that rejuvenate the entire estate. It is South India’s first ever lifestyle project that also not only includes residential and office spaces but also offers a man-made lake and promenade, a club, education complex, mall, multiplex, cafés and restaurants, high-end hotels and advanced multi-facility hospitals.
In the progressive scenario of architecture and real estate, The concept of mixed-use development is a popular, reasonable, and an innovative formula for rampant urbanization. Such development initiatives combine multiple types of land uses such as residential, commercial, and recreational zones within a given precinct in order to create vibrant and sustainable communities for the residents.
https://www.sasaki.com/projects/the-trees-a-new-mixed-use-urban-district-in-mumbai/
Mixed use developments integrate multiple types of land uses into a single project, creating a convenient and dynamic lifestyle for residents. This can be achieved by designing separate buildings for each use or constructing a singular mixed-use building with a variety of amenities in one space, under one roof. These urban modules are designed to provide various amenities and infrastructure within a walkable distance, while, at the same time promoting a sustainable and holistic approach towards conscious urban planning. Mixed-use developments have emerged as a prominent global trend due to their unbeatable benefits and adaptability to modern lifestyles. Rapid urbanisation and the ever-growing expectations and preferences of potential home buyers for ease of living has pushed the developers to prioritize mixed-use developments. Moreover, mixed-use initiatives foster sustainable urban planning by reducing the need for extensive commuting, thus minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Their ability to create dynamic, walkable neighbourhoods makes them the need of the hour, catering to the demands of a fast-paced world seeking seamless integration of work, living, and leisure.
There are two widely-accepted types within the mixed-use development strategies – vertical and horizontal mixed-use development. Both have very distinguished contributions to the future of urban planning, and have their own advantages and disadvantages. Essentially it all depends upon its utilization and the community they are serving, as to which module works out best for the region.
Horizontal Mixed-use Developments
Horizontal mixed-use developments refer to those urban planning concepts where each building has a designated function, usually a single-use, within a complex or a precinct filled with buildings each with its own assigned function. The precinct may contain residential buildings, office buildings, a complex for shopping and dining, etc. It may also include parks, green spaces, and sports facilities within the complex. Mixed-use developments usually contain private spaces such as homes and offices and egalitarian public spaces such as parks, playgrounds, and green or blue spaces. These are ideal for cities that have provisions for ample space to spare, and the ability to design high-quality and usable public spaces around the buildings. Such developments are essential for increasing accessibility and equality within a city.
Vertical Mixed-use Developments
Vertical mixed-use developments have multiple uses within a single structure. Each floor of a vertical mixed-use building may have a different function or purpose. There can be provision for shops and restaurants on the ground floor, followed by commercial offices, and then residential units at the top floors. Generally, a vertical mixed-use development will also include a central public space – allowing all the users of the building to come together to build connections and exchange dialogue. Accommodation of open spaces helps bring life into the built environment and encourages the development of public spaces. They are more vital in urban centres or areas where land is expensive and scarce. A good example of a vertical mixed-use development is The Shard in London.
https://www.gensler.com/blog/redesigning-mixed-use-environments-for-a-post-pandemic-world
Urban Livability
Urban livability refers to the quality of life in a city, consisting of aspects like housing, transportation, green spaces, and public services. High standards of urban livability means residents enjoy safe, convenient, and enjoyable environments that promote their well-being and social inclusion. To improve urban livability, cities focus on sustainable planning, community engagement, and efficient resource management. Mixed-use developments offer a convenient and easy lifestyle for residents by providing easy accessibility to a number of amenities and services that are just a walk away. This convenience enhances the quality of life, making everyday tasks simpler and more enjoyable. The design and layout of mixed-use developments can contribute to enhanced safety and security. Commercial and recreational spaces within residential areas increase foot traffic and promote natural surveillance, eliminating criminal activities. Additionally, these developments often include modern security features such as CCTV cameras, access control systems, and well-lit public spaces. Effective urban planning can create safer and more secure communities for residents.
Credits: Zack Benson
Drawbacks of Single Land-use
The single land use model can unintentionally perpetuate segregation within the city. When different land uses are isolated, it can create invisible boundaries that segregate communities, not only by function but also along socio-economic lines. This separation can lead to a less vibrant and inclusive city where social interactions are limited For instance, if residential areas are entirely separated from commercial districts, residents may find themselves isolated from workplaces and shopping centers, increasing commuting times and reducing opportunities for spontaneous social interactions.
The rigidity of the single land use model can hinder businesses from adapting to changing market conditions. If a business is located in a zone that no longer aligns with its needs, it may have to bear the tough and expensive decision of relocating. For example, a retail or a wholesale business that formerly thrived in a commercial zone might suffer as consumer preferences change, but relocating to a residential zone could be infeasible due to zoning restrictions.
Another significant concern with the single land use model is its rigidity to adapt to the needs of an evolving city. As cities grow and change, adhering strictly to a predefined zoning plan can lead to problems such as traffic congestion and increased pollution. Suppose a residential area experiences a surge in population, leading to increased demand for nearby schools and healthcare facilities. In a single-use model, changing the zone to accommodate these needs could be a gradual and bureaucratic process.
References:
admin (2010). An Architect Reviews Brigade Gateway | ARCHITECTURE IDEAS.
Lodhagroup.com (2021). Mixed Use Developments: A Perfect Blend Of Convenience And Luxury. https://www.lodhagroup.com/blogs/homebuyers-handbook/mixed-use-developments-a-perfect-blend-of-convenience-and-luxury
www.vondereurope.com. (n.d.). Horizontal vs Vertical Mixed-Use Developments by Vonder. https://www.vondereurope.com/magazine/horizontal-vs-vertical-mixed-use-developments.
Bhargava, M. and Pradeep, H.R. (2020). Mixed Use Development: Attributes And Comparison With Single Use Developments. International Journal of Innovative Research and Growth, [online] 6(6), pp.56–62.
Pradnya Randhe (2024). The Benefits of Mixed-Use Developments in Urban Planning – Kamlesh Gandhi Projects. Kamlesh Gandhi Projects.
