Solar panels are an important invention that has made it possible to utilize the sun’s power to harness energy. They have quickly gained acceptance in homes and businesses, not only because of their environmental impact but also because of the technology that has helped in their proper functioning. But have you ever thought about how they actually work? What makes these panels so effective? Now, let us unpack the tech behind solar panels, the advantages that come with using them, and the possibility of cyber threats.
How Solar Panels Work
At the core of every solar panel is the photovoltaic (PV) technology responsible for converting sunshine into electricity. When light reaches the surface of the PV cells, it displaces electrons, which in turn generates an electric current. This is called direct current (DC). Nevertheless, since most homes or businesses use an alternating current, the power obtained is converted into an alternating current using an inverter.
The simplicity of this system makes solar panels highly efficient. Panels are typically made from silicon-based cells, known for their durability and effectiveness. For example, monocrystalline cells provide high conversion efficiency at a relatively higher cost, while polycrystalline cells provide slightly lower conversion efficiency at a lesser cost.
The Role of Inverters and SCADA Systems
Even though the panels are central to generating this energy, inverters have the significant task of making it ready for use. Unlike traditional inverters that only convert energy, current inverters come with a monitoring and control interface. These inverters are usually Internet-enabled, making it possible for the homeowner to monitor solar energy production. However, this connectivity also poses a threat because inverters are pathways for cyber threats Inverters. According to ExpressVPN, , hackers could exploit vulnerabilities in these connected devices, potentially disrupting entire systems.
Solar systems also incorporate SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) to control and track electricity supply. Although critical to providing social services, these systems are not exempt from cyber threats. According to ExpressVPN, poorly fixed systems, old software, and a lack of proper authentication can lead to SCADA being targeted by attackers intending to penetrate energy facilities.
Solar Panels and Renewable Energy
Solar energy has emerged as one of the leading renewable energy sources, gaining popularity thanks to its environmental impact. According to statistics, in 2023, 75% of fresh installations of renewable power sources were solar-based. This change is motivated by environmental conservation, specifically by reducing carbon footprints and attaining energy sovereignty. To address these demands, governments and businesses are currently investing significantly in solar installations, and this is set to persist in the future.
The appeal of solar energy lies in its renewability. The International Renewable Energy Agency, IRENA, says Earth gets far more solar energy than we harness today (Solar is the future). This availability, coupled with the long life expectancy of the photovoltaic panels (20-30 years), defines solar energy as a permanent solution to our energy demands. Also, they are cheaper to maintain since most solar systems only need to be coke or washed to continue functioning at full capacity.
The Benefits of Solar Technology
One of the primary advantages of solar energy is its low maintenance. Solar panels also require little maintenance once installed, which is ideal for homeowners and companies with high electricity costs. As costs for solar technology continue to decline, the upfront cost is more accessible, and many different countries provide rebates to integrate it.
Moreover, solar energy is an environmentally friendly option. Unlike other power sources, it does not emit any hazardous gases into the air when in operation. According to the solar industry, the electricity produced from PV systems releases fewer amounts of greenhouse gases than coal or natural gas. For this reason, many view solar energy as an active participant in combating climate change.
Cybersecurity Risks in Solar Technology
However, like any other technology, the installation of solar panels has its own drawbacks. One of the emerging risks is the security threat posed by internet-enabled appliances that are installed in solar systems. Inverters and SCADA systems are exposed to hacking and may be a target for hackers, meaning that hacking this particular system may lead to major calamities. According to ExpressVPN, attackers have manipulated inverters to disrupt energy distribution, and even small solar farms are vulnerable to such threats(Solar is the future).
For instance, the sPower cyberattack in 2019 demonstrated how hackers could disrupt a renewable energy provider’s operations by exploiting vulnerabilities in their firewalls. While the impact was limited, it highlighted the importance of cybersecurity measures in the energy sector(Solar is the future). Strengthening network security and regularly updating software are essential steps to safeguard solar energy systems from such attacks.
The Future of Solar Energy
The future of solar technology looks promising. Continuous advancements in materials, such as perovskite solar cells, may offer cheaper and more efficient alternatives to traditional silicon-based panels. These innovations could reduce the upfront costs of solar installations, making them accessible to a broader range of consumers.
As solar usage becomes more widespread, you can expect to see even more innovations. Battery storage systems, for instance, are getting better every year, making it easier to store excess energy for use during cloudy days or at night. With all these advancements, solar power will continue to play a key role in our energy future, helping us move away from fossil fuels and toward a cleaner, greener world.
Armughan Zaigham
Author email: armughan.spoliamag@gmail.com
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/wanderwitharm/
Bio: Embark with Armughan on a journey to satiate your wanderlust! Explore hidden gems, savor local flavors, and dive into the vibrant cultures around the globe. See the magic that happens when you follow the compass of curiosity.
