Neo-Manueline is a rallying style of architecture which is from the 16th-century Manueline late gothic architecture of Portugal. The neo-Manueline was never restricted with an area it was implanted across Portugal, brazil, and the Lusofonia which is now known as the Portuguese empire.
Brazilian art historian sir Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen was the person who introduced the term Manueline in 1842. During the reign of Manuel 1 of Portugal, it was designated as an exuberant artistic style in 1495-1521. With the peak of Portuguese maritime power, the Manueline style coincided with the age of discovery. Since the middle of the 18th century, gothic revival architecture has spread all over Europe in sequence. The Manueline style has been also recognized as the most authentic Portuguese architectural style.
Examples of neo-Manueline buildings can also be found in African and Asian territories of the former Portuguese colonial empire.
1. Rossie Railway Station, Lisbon
The Rossie railway station is situated in Lisbon, Portugal. The station remarks its existence and its designation in its facade. The station tunnel is over 2.9 km. The Rossie railway station was designed between 1886 and 1887 by Portuguese architect sir Jose Luis Monteiro. The railway station is connected to the region of Sintra. It is situated in the most important square in Lisbon.
The excavation of the tunnel was done under the city and it is also considered the most important works of engineering in Portugal since the 19th century. The project was completed in 1890 and later it got opened to the north line also. It was the main passenger terminus till 1957.
2. Royal Portuguese Cabinet Of Reading, Rio De Janeiro
The Royal Portuguese Cabinet of Reading is a library and lusophone cultural institution, located in Rio de Janeiro, brazil. It is also recognized by the state institute of cultural heritage. The royal Portuguese cabinet of reading got elected the fourth most incredible library in the world by time magazines. The four statues that adorn it portray respectively Pedro Álvares Cabral, Luís de Camões, Infante D. Henrique, and Vasco da Gama. The other facade portrays, respectively, the writers Fernão Lopes, Gil Vicente, Alexandre Herculano, and Almeida Garrett.
The interior of the library follows the neo-Manueline style, with wooden bookcases for books and memorials. The ceiling has a chandelier and skylight in an iron structure. The Royal Portuguese Cabinet of Reading is the first example of neo-Manueline architecture.
3. Ribeira Place, Lisbon
Ribeira palace was known as the main residence of the kings of Portugal for around 250 years. It is located in Lisbon. Portugal king Manuel 1 ordered the construction of the palace when he found out the royal alcove of Sao Jorge was not appropriate. The palace went through so many reconstructions and modifications from the original Manueline design and ended up with a mannerist and baroque form.
The whole city was destroyed in the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, along with Ribeira palace. The former king Jose 1 suffered from claustrophobia after the earthquake and later he decided to live the rest of his life in a group of pavilions in the hills of Ajuda. This was the reason the palace was never reconstructed again.
4. Hospital Real De Todos-os-santos, Lisbon
Hospital real de todos-os-Santos was a hospital, the hospital was located in Lisbon, Portugal. The hospital was built between 1492 and 1504, but later got destroyed in the year 1755 due to an earthquake, with some major buildings. After the Lisbon earthquake, the hospital never got into shape again and later got demolished in 1775 totally. The hospital was completed in 1504 and king Manuel 1 was in power. With the health issue of each and every person was concerned with the city into general hospitals was the part of the royal campaign.
Some more major hospitals were also built between 1508 to 1520. The Rossio square’s whole eastern side is occupied by the main facade of all saints hospital. The main façade of the Hospital real de todos-os-Santos had an arched gallery with buttresses on its ground floor. The entrance of the Chapel was situated in the middle of the Hospital façade and was approached by a monumental stairway.
5. Convent Of Christ, Tomar
Convent of Christ is a roman catholic convent, located in Tomar, Portugal. The convent is also listed as a UNESCO world heritage site in1983 as a historic and cultural monument. In the first half of the 5th century during the rule of Prince Henry the navigator, a gothic nave was added around the church, turning the round church into a church apse. In 1510 king Manuel 1 ordered the redesigning of the nave in the style of the time. The nave was a mix of late gothic and renaissance, and so it would be called Manueline style by the art historians.
Manueline motifs in abundance cover the rectangular nave, also it includes gargoyles, gothic pinnacles, some statues, and ropes, which also remind the things used in the ships during the age of discovery.
References
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Manueline#:~:text=Neo%2DManueline%20is%20a%20revival,(the%20former%20Portuguese%20Empire).
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossio_railway_station
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Portuguese_Cabinet_of_Reading
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribeira_Palace
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_Real_de_Todos-os-Santos
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convent_of_Christ_(Tomar)
